Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face. It is characterized by sudden, severe, and stabbing pain, typically on one side of the face. The pain can be triggered by everyday activities like brushing teeth, talking, or even a light breeze, making it incredibly debilitating for those who suffer from it.

Causes of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is caused by irritation or compression of the trigeminal nerve. Common causes include:

1. Blood Vessel Compression: An artery or vein pressing against the trigeminal nerve can lead to nerve damage, resulting in pain signals being sent incorrectly.
2. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): MS, a disease that affects the central nervous system, can cause demyelination of the trigeminal nerve, leading to pain.
3. Tumors or Lesions: Rarely, growths pressing on the trigeminal nerve can cause symptoms.
4. Aging: As individuals age, blood vessels may shrink, and the risk of nerve compression increases.

Symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia

The primary symptom of trigeminal neuralgia is sudden, sharp, electric shock-like pain that usually lasts for a few seconds to a minute. These attacks can occur sporadically or multiple times a day. The pain is most commonly felt in the:

• Lower jaw
• Cheeks
• Around the nose
• Upper jaw or forehead

Some individuals may also experience trigger zones, where simple actions like touching the face, chewing, or talking can set off a painful episode.

Diagnosis

To diagnose trigeminal neuralgia, Dr. Shrutika Bhagat will conduct a thorough physical exam and medical history review. In some cases, imaging tests like MRI or CT scans may be performed to rule out other conditions, such as tumors or multiple sclerosis.

Treatment Options for Trigeminal Neuralgia

Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia typically starts with medications aimed at reducing nerve pain. However, for more severe cases or when medications are ineffective, other options may be considered:

1. Medications:
   • Anticonvulsants: Drugs like carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are often used to control nerve pain.
   • Muscle Relaxants: Medications such as baclofen can help alleviate muscle spasms associated with TN.
   • Tricyclic Antidepressants: These can be used for nerve pain management, especially in cases where anticonvulsants are not effective.
2. Minimally Invasive Procedures:
   • Glycerol Injections: A needle is used to inject glycerol into the nerve root to relieve pain by damaging the nerve.
   • Radiofrequency Ablation: A heat probe is used to destroy nerve fibers, preventing them from sending pain signals.
   • Microvascular Decompression Surgery: A more invasive procedure where the blood vessel compressing the nerve is removed or repositioned to relieve pressure.
3. Alternative Therapies:
   • Acupuncture and physical therapy may help manage pain and improve quality of life for some patients.
   • Psychological counseling can help individuals cope with the emotional and psychological impact of living with chronic pain.

Why Choose Dr. Shrutika Bhagat for Trigeminal Neuralgia Treatment?

Dr. Shrutika Bhagat offers a patient-centered approach to managing trigeminal neuralgia, ensuring a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to each individual’s needs. With her expertise in pain management and advanced therapeutic options, patients can experience significant relief from the debilitating effects of TN.